Management

Professional Management concepts gained importance after the Industrial revolution and it is an ever-changing field and a very wide field of business studies and practices. Management is derived from the Italian manaeggio (a riding school), originating in the Latin word for hand, manus.

Any managerial action, especially dealing with people issues, requires three separate but interrelated abilities. First, a manager must learn how to clearly identify the problem or problems, which may be different from the presenting symptoms. Second, a manager must analyze the root causes for the behaviour observed, understanding fully that those problems have origins in both the person and the situation. Finally, a manager must generate and implement actions to address a problem.

Although there is no concise formula or model for managing people, there are eight principles from which to build:
1. Leadership starts at home. Self-awareness—knowing who you are and what you value—creates a strong foundation for managerial success. Your ability to learn is just as important as your ability to lead. Find ways to learn, be open to the feedback from others, and create a work environment that fosters everyone's best. Managing and leading are collaborative activities that require learning from others.
2. Communication with employees is central to the effective manager's job. In the absence of information, people will make up their own information. What a manager takes for granted may be new information to someone underneath. And because each individual is different, the style of that communication needs to be different. Managing is a time-intensive activity: one person at a time, one interaction at a time, all over time.
3. Effective managers know their personal managerial values and philosophy. What works to motivate employees also works to motivate managers. Many successful organizations simply start with some theory Y assumptions like "People really can be great and want to win." They don't differentiate between levels of employees in terms of their motivations. They drive a sense of ownership and egalitarianism about the company throughout the organization with the result that the company can become a means to meeting the needs of all employees in a fair and even handed manner.
4. Effective managers foster an environment that brings out the best in others. Seasoned managers know that you cannot make someone change or do something. However, you can change the context to increase the probability that you will get the behaviour that you want. Think of ways to bring out the best, not the worst, in others.
5. Effective managers are willing to engage in difficult conversations about difference. They foster an environment where everyone can fulfill their potential and seek to address issues such as gender, race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, age, and language. At Inland Steel, a number of African-American employees were frustrated and thinking of leaving the firm. They worked together and found someone to be a champion of starting a conversation about diversity. As a result, the company was singled out for a national award for its attention to creating a supportive and diverse workplace.
6. Effective managers understand how groups and teams work, and they focus on creating a culture of performance through teamwork and collaboration. With most of a company's work being done in teams, managers need to be aware of team dynamics and become more facilitators of team process than team leaders.
7. Effective managers are change leaders. Today, managers are not expected to administer—to follow bureaucratic and systematic processes that mean business as usual. Managers are expected to lead change—to propose ways to make the organization more competitive and more effective and then to marshal the resources to bring about that change.
8. Effective managers take time out to learn and reflect on the job. Performance and learning are both needed for success. Unfortunately, managers can spend most of their time performing and requiring performance from others when what is really needed is some time spent reflecting and learning.

Simply put, Management involves all the activities related recruitment, selection, assimilation, development, and retention of exceptional talent and integrate talent management efforts with organizational strategy with whatever limited resources you have.